DNA and RNA

Spina bifida is a neural tube abnormality that occurs at birth. This disorder affects the baby when the spine is not well formed around a particular part of the spinal cord, causing the spine to appear at some point. This condition can occur in a mild or severe form. In milder forms, usually more commonly, the visible spine is characterized by birthmarks, dimples in the skin, or hairs that grow on the back. A mild case of spina bifida does not require treatment and does not cause major problems and allows patients to live normally. A more severe form of spina bifida is called a meningocele. In this case, the spine pushes the skin, marked with a bulge, and sometimes the fluid may get out of this area. The most severe form, known as myelomeningocele, is when the spinal cord is damaged or pushed out through the spinal canal causing the skin to open and the nerves are visible. Sometimes children with this disorder also have a brain problem that prevents them from living normally. Cau...

Cleft lip is a gap in the upper lip. This gap can occur on the ceiling of the oral cavity (cleft palate), can also on the lips only (cleft lip). In some cases it can also occur in both parts. In general, however, nearly half of cleft lip cases involve cleft in the upper lip and roof of the oral cavity. This disorder can be known through ultrasound procedures of the first trimester of pregnancy. At that time, you can see if there is a disturbance in the process of development of the face area - including the ceiling of the oral cavity. That is why this condition is classified as a birth defect. Cleft lip conditions cause the lips part as split in two, jaw and mouth are not formed, as well as problems on tooth growth. This results in cleft lip cleansers, although in general they have the ability to speak and do not experience hearing loss. Cleft lip conditions are not equal to each other. There is a cleft lip that only occurs on the lips only, but there is also a cleft lip that can...

Fragile X syndrome is the nost cotnntonform offanilial nental retardation and is associated with afragile site at the end of long arn chrotnosonre X. Whilst screening for chrontosoual abnornalities in nentally retarded nales attending special school, we have identified thefirst fanily with afragile x syndrone, to be reported in Indonesia. ph1,sis.1 exatnination,fatnill, l1isg6r, as well as cyto9enetic and DNA studies identified tv,o pheno4,pically abnonnal brorhers who were fragile X posirive 3% (Dn) and 4% (pr). Their sister (Cl) and utother were pheno\,pically and intellectually nornal but were cytogenetically positive for fragile X (6% in the sister and 3% in lhe nother). Molecular analysis confirnted that both broîhers were afected and that their sister and tnother were carriers. Signs and symptoms of fragile X syndrome Physical abnormalities Symptoms of fragile X syndrome can be seen and recognized from the physical look of the sufferer. Usually the people with a spe...

Cystic fibrosis or better known as cystic fibrosis is a congenital disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs, digestive system, and other organs in the body. It affects cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. Mucus is a fluid that serves to lubricate and protect the mucous membranes. Normally mucus in the body is liquid and slippery. But in people with cystic fibrosis, the mucus is thicker and sticky, clogging various channels in the body, especially the respiratory and digestive tract. People with cystic fibrosis require intensive care to improve their quality of life. Through the development of increasingly sophisticated health technology, people with this condition usually can still perform daily activities such as school and work. Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis Symptoms of cystic fibrosis may vary depending on the severity of the disease. Symptoms can appear after birth or just appear when someone has grown up. Airway obstruction may occur in people wi...

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that causes the sufferer to experience delusions, hallucinations, chaotic thoughts, and behavioral changes. This usually long-lasting condition is often interpreted as a mental disorder considering the difficulty of the sufferer distinguishing between reality and the mind itself. Schizophrenia disease can be affected by anyone, both men and women. The age range of 15-35 years is the age most vulnerable to this condition. Schizophrenia is estimated by one percent of the world's population. Signs that indicate a person experiencing schizophrenia, as reported by psychcentral.com. 1. Isolate or withdraw from social interaction 2. Irrational, saying or believing something strange or odd 3. Increased paranoia or questioning the motivation of others 4. Easy emotions 5. Enmity or suspicion 6. Increased dependence on drugs or alcohol (in an attempt to self-medicate) 7. Lack of motivation 8. Speak in a strange way unlike themselves ...